Introduction to Computers

Course Number: 761

This course provides a brief history of the computer and defines fundamental computer terms. It introduces the binary and hexadecimal number systems, and explains the different levels of programming languages. The course describes microprocessor characteristics and architecture in general terms. It concludes with examples of practical applications.

Recommended Contact Hours - 8

Chapter 1: Computer Basics

Topics: Mainframes, minis, and micros; Hardware, software, and firmware; Bits, bytes, and nibbles; Number systems; Applications; Computer terminology

Learning Objectives:

• Explain the principal differences between mainframe computers, minicomputers, and microcomputers.
• Define the terms hardware, software, and firmware as they relate to a computer system.
• Define a bit, a byte, and a nibble.
• Explain three number systems used by computers.
• List three common computer applications.

Chapter 2: Computer Hardware

Topics: CPU operations; ROM, RAM, and I/O circuits; Peripherals; Storage devices; Monitors; Printers; Keyboards; Pointing devices; Scanners; Modems and fax machines; ADCs and DACs

Learning Objectives:

• Define peripheral equipment.
• Explain the function and operation of a central processing unit (CPU).
• Describe the different types of fast memory devices used by computers.
• Discuss the function and operation of I/O devices.
• Describe the different types of mass storage devices used by computers.
• Explain the term data interface as applied to a computer system.
• Explain the functions of an ADC and a DAC in a computer system.

Chapter 3: Computer Software

Topics: Instruction sets; Algorithms; Programs; Programming languages; Flow diagrams; Compilers; Interpreters; Operating systems

Learning Objectives:

• Explain the two essential elements of computer software-instruction sets and algorithms.
• Describe how a software flow diagram is used.
• Identify the three levels of computer programming languages.
• Explain what interpreters and compilers do.
• Describe the functions of an operating system.

Chapter 4: Computers and Microprocessors

Topics: Physical properties; Microprocessor architecture and types; Instruction sets; Co-processors and single-chip microcomputers

Learning Objectives:

• Explain the elements of microprocessor architecture.
• Discuss the different microprocessor characteristics.
• Discuss the different physical properties of a microprocessor.
• Explain the functions of the three kinds of buses used by computer systems.
• Name the elements of a single-chip microcomputer.

Chapter 5: Microprocessor Applications

Topics: Application categories; Logic system replacement; Industrial, business, and consumer applications; Future trends

Learning Objectives:

• Explain how and why microprocessors are used for logic system replacement.
• Discuss several industrial applications of microprocessors.
• Explain how microprocessors can simplify office procedures and improve business productivity.
• Give several examples of how microprocessors are used in consumer products.